OPTIMALISASI PERAN KADER POSYANDU MELALUI PENERAPAN THERAPEUTIC PATIENT EDUCATION BERBASIS AUGMENTED REALITY (TPE-AR DM2) DALAM MENINGKATKAN SELF-MANAGEMENT PADA MASYARAKAT DIABETES MELLITUS
Abstract
Latar Belakang: Diabetes Mellitus memerlukan kemampuan self-management yang baik untuk mencegah komplikasi. Kader Posyandu memiliki peran strategis dalam edukasi berbasis komunitas, namun masih terdapat keterbatasan dalam pemanfaatan media edukasi interaktif. Penerapan Therapeutic Patient Education berbasis Augmented Reality (TPE-AR DM2) diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kapasitas kader serta mendukung kemandirian pasien dalam pengelolaan penyakit. Metode: Kegiatan ini menggunakan desain pre-experimental dengan pendekatan one group pre-test dan post-test pada 25 kader Posyandu dan pasien DM. Intervensi berupa pelatihan dan pendampingan penggunaan TPE-AR DM2 yang mencakup peningkatan pengetahuan, keterampilan teknis, dan komunikasi terapeutik. Pengukuran pada kader dilakukan menggunakan instrumen pengetahuan, keterampilan, serta Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale (DMSES) dan locus of control pada pasien. Analisis data menggunakan uji paired t-test dan perhitungan normalized gain (N-gain). Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada seluruh domain kader dengan kategori N-gain tinggi, meliputi pengetahuan, keterampilan teknis, dan komunikasi terapeutik. Peningkatan kapasitas kader berdampak pada kemandirian dalam memberikan edukasi dan pendampingan. Pada pasien, terjadi peningkatan self-efficacy serta pergeseran locus of control ke arah internal, yang mencerminkan peningkatan kepercayaan diri dan kontrol dalam mengelola penyakit, termasuk pengaturan diet, aktivitas fisik, pemantauan glukosa darah, dan kepatuhan pengobatan. Kesimpulan: Penerapan TPE-AR DM2 efektif dalam meningkatkan kapasitas dan kemandirian kader Posyandu, serta berkontribusi positif terhadap penguatan self-management pasien Diabetes Mellitus di tingkat komunitas. Intervensi ini berpotensi menjadi model inovatif edukasi kesehatan berbasis teknologi di masyarakat.
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Keywords
Diabetes Mellitus, Posyandu, Kader, Augmented Reality, Therapeutic Patient Education, Self-Management
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